Hormones Can Be Classified in Several Ways

[ehab10f]

Classification of Hormones by Mechanism of Action

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Hormones that bind to intracellular receptors
Androgens
Calcitriol (1,25[OH]2-D3)

Estrogens
Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Progestins
Retinoic acid
Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4)

II. Hormones that bind to cell surface receptors
A. The second messenger is cAMP
2-Adrenergic catecholamines

-Adrenergic catecholamines
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Antidiuretic hormone
Calcitonin
Chorionic gonadotropin, human
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Glucagon
Lipotropin
Luteinizing hormone
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Parathyroid hormone
Somatostatin
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
B. The second messenger is cGMP
Atrial natriuretic factor
Nitric oxide
C. The second messenger is calcium or phosphatidylinositols (or both)
Acetylcholine (muscarinic)
1-Adrenergic catecholamines

Angiotensin II
Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
Cholecystokinin
Gastrin
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Oxytocin
Platelet-derived growth factor
Substance P
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
D. The second messenger is a kinase or phosphatase cascade
Adiponectin
Chorionic somatomammotropin
Epidermal growth factor
Erythropoietin
Fibroblast growth factor
Growth hormone
Insulin
Insulin-like growth factors I and II
Leptin
Nerve growth factor
Platelet-derived growth factor
Prolactin
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General Features of Hormone Classes
Group I Group II

Types Steroids, iodothyronines, calcitriol, retinoids Polypeptides, proteins,
glycoproteins, catecholamines



Solubility Lipophilic Hydrophilic



Transport proteins Yes No


Plasma half-life Long (hours to days) Short (minutes)



Receptor Intracellular Plasma membrane


Mediator Receptor-hormone complex cAMP, cGMP, Ca2+, metabolites of
complex phosphoinositols, kinase cascades